The practice of fertilizing through the drip irrigation system is an efficient, economical and increasingly popular means of applying nutrients to growing crops. Using the drip system for the application of nutrients is, in essence, the precision feeding of plants with an efficiency rate of 90% to 95%. Since root development is most intensive in the wetted zone, the placement of nutrients in this zone ensures maximum availability and utilization by the crop. The process is efficient, economical and minimizes waste. The enhancement of yield potential makes it well worth the effort.

Generally, most of the nutrients and trace elements needed by the crop can be applied through the drip irrigation system. Pre plant fertilizers should be incorporated prior to planting, especially if mulch is to be used. It is strongly recommended that any fertility program be initiated by a complete soil test followed later by a tissue analysis. This will give an indication of what nutrients are in the soil, are available to the plant and then how effectively the plant is utilizing them. The analysis would show what supplements are necessary and need to be fed through the drip irrigation system. The practice is most effective when it is part of a complete management program and not looked upon as a “correct all.”

Ideally the nutrients would be applied in small amounts on a continual or frequent basis, matched to the plants needs as it goes through its growing and production cycles. This will insure maximum efficiency and nourishment with minimal waste. If any changes to rates, ratios or trace elements are necessary, this can be accomplished by calibrating the injection system, making changes in duration or frequency of application or change nutrient source or analysis.

Nutrients that have poor mobility in the soil, such as potassium, have been found to have greater movement throughout the root zone when applied through the drip irrigation system. If there are tie-ups of nutrients due to PH or other imbalances, corrective measures must be taken and often this can be accomplished through the drip irrigation system. Again, refer to the soil test results and agronomists recommendations.

A well planned and properly installed drip irrigation system is an important investment but long term benefits are well worth consideration. An existing system can be upgraded or retrofitted with the appropriate equipment necessary, with minimum investment, considering the returns. A start-up system should be well planned from the outset with injection being a planned part of the program. TRICKL-EEZ Company staff can design a system to meet your needs and then assist on installation, calibration and techniques of use.

This article is reprinted from TRICKLE DOWN... April 1994